Index of Persons¶
Biographical and scholarly index of geometers, philosophers, commentators, translators, and historians cited across Volumes I–III of Heath’s edition.
Adrien-Marie Legendre (1752 – 1833)¶
French Mathematician
Author of Éléments de géométrie (1794), who reshaped elementary geometry instruction and proved fundamental theorems relating the Parallel Postulate to the angle-sum of a triangle.
Cited Works: Éléments de géométrie (1794), Théorie des nombres
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 213, Vol. I, p. 214, Vol. I, p. 216, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 321, Vol. I, p. 328, Vol. I, p. 112, Vol. II, p. 30, Vol. II, p. 193, Vol. III, p. 263, Vol. III, p. 264, Vol. III, p. 265, Vol. III, p. 266, Vol. III, p. 267, Vol. III, p. 268, Vol. III, p. 273, Vol. III, p. 276, Vol. III, p. 280, Vol. III, p. 284, Vol. III, p. 289, Vol. III, p. 298, Vol. III, p. 299, …and 12 more
Aganis¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 204, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 28
al-Bīrūnī¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 90
al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim an-Nairīzī (Anaritius) (c. 865 – c. 922 AD)¶
Persian Mathematician, Astronomer & Commentator on Euclid
Authored a major Arabic commentary on Euclid’s Elements (translated into Latin by Gherard of Cremona) that uniquely preserves large lost portions of the commentaries of Heron of Alexandria and Simplicius.
Cited Works: Commentary on Euclid’s Elements (ed. Besthorn & Heiberg; Latin tr. ed. Curtze)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 158, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 224, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 258, Vol. I, p. 270, Vol. I, p. 285, Vol. I, p. 299, Vol. I, p. 334, Vol. I, p. 364, Vol. I, p. 367, Vol. I, p. 369, Vol. I, p. 373, Vol. I, p. 405, …and 24 more
al-Fārābī¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 88
al-Kindī¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 5, Vol. I, p. 86
al-Ḥajjāj¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 22, Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 76, Vol. I, p. 79, Vol. I, p. 80, Vol. I, p. 83, Vol. I, p. 84
Alcinous¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: De Doctrina Platonis
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 98
Amaldi¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 179, Vol. I, p. 180, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. I, p. 328
Anaximander¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 370
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius (c. 480 – 524 AD)¶
Roman Philosopher & Transmitter of the Quadrivium
Translated Euclid’s definitions, postulates, and enunciations into Latin and authored the De Institutione Arithmetica and De Institutione Musica.
Cited Works: De Institutione Arithmetica, De Institutione Musica, Ars Geometriae
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 187, Vol. I, p. 293, Vol. I, p. 92, Vol. I, p. 95, Vol. II, p. 295
Apollonius of Perga (c. 240 – c. 190 BC)¶
The ‘Great Geometer’ of Antiquity
Author of the monumental treatise on Conics (introducing the terms parabola, hyperbola, and ellipse from the Pythagorean application of areas) as well as works on Plane Loci, Tangencies, and Unordered Irrationals.
Cited Works: Conics (Κωνικά), Plane Loci (Τόποι ἐπίπεδοι), Tangencies, On Unordered Irrationals, Tactiones, Plane Loci (Τόποι ἐπίπεδοι), Comparison of the Dodecahedron and the Icosahedron
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 162, Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 221, Vol. I, p. 222, Vol. I, p. 246, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 259, Vol. I, p. 260, Vol. I, p. 268, Vol. I, p. 270, Vol. I, p. 295, Vol. I, p. 296, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 325, Vol. I, p. 330, Vol. I, p. 343, Vol. I, p. 344, Vol. I, p. 345, Vol. I, p. 370, Vol. I, p. 373, Vol. I, p. 388, Vol. I, p. 2, Vol. I, p. 3, …and 59 more
Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287 – 212 BC)¶
Greek Geometer, Physicist & Engineer
Perfected Eudoxus’s method of exhaustion and mechanical heuristic discovery to determine areas, volumes, and centers of gravity of curvilinear and solid figures.
Cited Works: On the Sphere and Cylinder, Measurement of a Circle, On Conoids and Spheroids, On Spirals, Quadrature of the Parabola, The Method, On the Sphere and Cylinder (Περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου), Liber Assumptorum (Book of Lemmas), On the Equilibrium of Planes, The Method of Mechanical Theorems (Ἐφόδιον)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 164, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 166, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 189, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 234, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 260, Vol. I, p. 325, Vol. I, p. 347, Vol. I, p. 370, Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 2, Vol. I, p. 4, Vol. I, p. 5, Vol. I, p. 11, Vol. I, p. 13, Vol. I, p. 16, Vol. I, p. 18, Vol. I, p. 20, Vol. I, p. 21, …and 43 more
Archytas of Tarentum (428 – 347 BC)¶
Pythagorean Mathematician, Statesman & Friend of Plato
Solved the duplication of the cube via the intersection of a cylinder, a cone, and a torus in three dimensions, and proved key propositions in harmonic number theory (that no mean proportional exists in a superparticular ratio, VIII.8).
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 20, Vol. II, p. 295
Aristaeus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Comparison of the Five Regular Solids, Solid Loci (Τόποι στερεοί)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 329, Vol. I, p. 3, Vol. I, p. 6, Vol. I, p. 16, Vol. I, p. 138, Vol. III, p. 513, Vol. III, p. 438, Vol. III, p. 439, Vol. III, p. 529, Vol. III, p. 544
Aristotle of Stagira (384 – 322 BC)¶
Founder of the Peripatetic School
Codified the logic of demonstrative science (Analytica Posteriora), distinguishing definitions, hypotheses, postulates, and common axioms, and preserving key pre-Euclidean geometric proofs and definitions.
Cited Works: Analytica Posteriora, Analytica Priora, Metaphysica, Physica, De Caelo (On the Heavens), De Anima (On the Soul), Topica (Topics), Metaphysica (Metaphysics), Topica (Topics), De Anima (On the Soul), De Caelo (On the Heavens), Physica (Physics), Analytica Posteriora (Posterior Analytics), Ethica Nicomachea (Nicomachean Ethics), Analytica Priora (Prior Analytics), Meteorologica
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 158, Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 160, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 166, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 173, Vol. I, p. 176, Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 181, Vol. I, p. 182, Vol. I, p. 183, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 187, Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 190, …and 105 more
August¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 2, Vol. III, p. 48, Vol. III, p. 255
Augustus De Morgan (1806 – 1871)¶
British Mathematician & Logician
Wrote penetrating critical analyses of Euclid’s logic, Book V theory of proportion, and Book X theory of irrationals in the Companion to the Almanac and the Penny Cyclopaedia.
Cited Works: Study and Difficulties of Mathematics (1831), Connexion of Number and Magnitude (1836), Formal Logic (1847), Articles in The Penny Cyclopaedia
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 246, Vol. I, p. 256, Vol. I, p. 260, Vol. I, p. 269, Vol. I, p. 284, Vol. I, p. 291, Vol. I, p. 298, Vol. I, p. 300, Vol. I, p. 309, Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. I, p. 314, Vol. I, p. 315, Vol. I, p. 328, Vol. I, p. 369, Vol. I, p. 376, Vol. I, p. v, Vol. II, p. 5, Vol. II, p. 7, Vol. II, p. 8, Vol. II, p. 9, Vol. II, p. 10, Vol. II, p. 11, Vol. II, p. 15, Vol. II, p. 20, Vol. II, p. 22, …and 34 more
Basilides of Tyre¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 512
Beltrami¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 219
Bernhard Riemann (1826 – 1866)¶
German Mathematician; Founder of Riemannian Geometry
In his 1854 Habilitationsschrift, generalized geometry to n-dimensional manifolds of variable curvature, distinguishing unboundedness from infinitude and introducing spherical/elliptic non-Euclidean geometry.
Cited Works: Über die Hypothesen, welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen (1854 / 1867)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 205, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 213, Vol. I, p. 217, Vol. I, p. 219, Vol. I, p. 273, Vol. I, p. 274, Vol. I, p. 280
Bertrand Russell (1872 – 1970)¶
British Philosopher, Logician & Mathematician
Author of An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry (1897) and The Principles of Mathematics (1903).
Cited Works: An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry (1897), The Principles of Mathematics (1903)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 227, Vol. I, p. 249
Besthorn¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 22, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 85
Billingsley¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 418, Vol. I, p. 109, Vol. I, p. 110, Vol. II, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 238, Vol. III, p. 18, Vol. III, p. 48
Bonitz¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155
Bonola¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 202, Vol. I, p. 219
Borelli¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. I, p. 106, Vol. II, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 82, Vol. II, p. 84
Camerer¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 9, Vol. II, p. 13, Vol. II, p. 22, Vol. II, p. 25, Vol. II, p. 28, Vol. II, p. 33, Vol. II, p. 34, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. II, p. 67, Vol. II, p. 121, Vol. II, p. 131, Vol. II, p. 189, Vol. II, p. 213, Vol. II, p. 244
Campanus of Novara (c. 1220 – 1296)¶
Medieval Italian Mathematician & Editor of the Latin Euclid
Prepared the authoritative medieval Latin edition and commentary of the Elements (based on Adelard of Bath and Arabic sources), which was the first printed edition of Euclid (Ratdolt, Venice, 1482) and the basis of Pacioli’s 1509 edition.
Cited Works: Elementa Geometriae (printed Venice, 1482)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 293, Vol. I, p. 407, Vol. I, p. 78, Vol. I, p. 93, Vol. I, p. 94, Vol. I, p. 95, Vol. I, p. 96, Vol. I, p. 98, Vol. I, p. 99, Vol. I, p. 104, Vol. I, p. 105, Vol. II, p. 28, Vol. II, p. 41, Vol. II, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 73, Vol. II, p. 77, Vol. II, p. 90, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 119, Vol. II, p. 121, Vol. II, p. 146, Vol. II, p. 189, Vol. II, p. 211, Vol. II, p. 234, Vol. II, p. 235, …and 5 more
Candalla¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 189
Cardano¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Carl Anton Bretschneider (1808 – 1878)¶
German Geometer & Historian of Mathematics
Author of Die Geometrie und die Geometer vor Euklides (1870).
Cited Works: Die Geometrie und die Geometer vor Euklides (1870)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 295, Vol. I, p. 304, Vol. I, p. 344, Vol. I, p. 354, Vol. I, p. 358, Vol. I, p. 359, Vol. I, p. 136, Vol. I, p. 137, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 99, Vol. III, p. 439, Vol. III, p. 442
Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777 – 1855)¶
German Mathematician (‘Princeps Mathematicorum’)
Proved the constructibility of the regular 17-gon (extending Euclid Book IV) and was the first to recognize the logical consistency and possible physical validity of non-Euclidean (hyperbolic) geometry.
Cited Works: Disquisitiones Arithmeticae (1801)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 168, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 202, Vol. I, p. 219, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 321
Carnot¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 220
Carpus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 43, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 45, Vol. I, p. 127, Vol. I, p. 128
Cassiodorus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 92
Cataldi¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 106
Cauchy¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 267, Vol. III, p. 280
Cavalieri¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 368
Chasles¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 10, Vol. I, p. 11, Vol. I, p. 14, Vol. I, p. 15, Vol. I, p. 16
Christensen¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Zeitschrift Math Phys
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Christopher Clavius, S.J. (1538 – 1612)¶
Jesuit Mathematician & Architect of the Gregorian Calendar
Published an encyclopedic Latin edition and commentary on Euclid’s Elements (1574) containing extensive scholia, critiques of Peletier on the angle of contact, and an attempted proof of the Parallel Postulate.
Cited Works: Euclidis Elementorum Libri XV (Rome, 1574)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 208, Vol. I, p. 232, Vol. I, p. 381, Vol. I, p. 391, Vol. I, p. 407, Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. I, p. 105, Vol. II, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 41, Vol. II, p. 42, Vol. II, p. 47, Vol. II, p. 49, Vol. II, p. 53, Vol. II, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 67, Vol. II, p. 70, Vol. II, p. 73, Vol. II, p. 130, Vol. II, p. 170, Vol. II, p. 175, Vol. II, p. 190, Vol. II, p. 231, Vol. II, p. 238, Vol. II, p. 244, …and 7 more
Chrystal¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Textbook Of Algebra
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 19
Cicero¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 91
Claudius Ptolemy (c. 100 – c. 170 AD)¶
Alexandrian Astronomer & Geometer
Author of the Almagest (Syntaxis Mathematica) and a treatise attempting to prove Euclid’s Fifth Postulate, preserved and critiqued by Proclus.
Cited Works: Syntaxis Mathematica (Almagest), On the Parallel Postulate
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 202, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 204, Vol. I, p. 205, Vol. I, p. 206, Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 2, Vol. I, p. 20, Vol. I, p. 21, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 30, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 43, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 45, Vol. I, p. 46, Vol. I, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 111, Vol. II, p. 117, Vol. II, p. 119, Vol. II, p. 190, Vol. II, p. 225, Vol. II, p. 227, Vol. II, p. 274, Vol. II, p. 276, …and 3 more
Cleonides¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 17
Cobet¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 4
Cossali¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Origine Algebra
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8, Vol. III, p. 115
Crelle¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 263
Curtze¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 232, Vol. I, p. 258, Vol. I, p. 270, Vol. I, p. 326, Vol. I, p. 334, Vol. I, p. 367, Vol. I, p. 373, Vol. I, p. 405, Vol. I, p. 408, Vol. I, p. 22, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 137, Vol. I, p. 59, Vol. I, p. 78, Vol. I, p. 85, Vol. I, p. 92, Vol. I, p. 94, Vol. I, p. 96, Vol. I, p. 97, Vol. III, p. 442
David Hilbert (1862 – 1943)¶
German Mathematician
Author of Grundlagen der Geometrie (1899), reorganizing Euclidean geometry into five rigorous axiom groups (incidence, order, congruence, parallels, continuity) and proving the theory of plane area independent of continuity.
Cited Works: Grundlagen der Geometrie (1899), Grundlagen der Geometrie (Foundations of Geometry, 1899)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 228, Vol. I, p. 230, Vol. I, p. 231, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 250, Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. I, p. 328
Democritus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Peri Alogon Grammon
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 38, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. II, p. 294, Vol. III, p. 4, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 368, Vol. III, p. 532
Diels¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 366
Dinostratus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 266, Vol. I, p. 117
Diogenes Laertius¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 305, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 134, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. III, p. 4
Diophantus of Alexandria (fl. c. 250 AD)¶
Alexandrian Algebraist & Number Theorist
Author of the Arithmetica and On Polygonal Numbers, pioneering syncopated algebraic notation and indeterminate analysis.
Cited Works: Arithmetica, On Polygonal Numbers
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 356, Vol. I, p. 131, Vol. I, p. 86
Dodgson¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Euclid and His Modern Rivals (1879)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 261, Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. II, p. 275
Eratosthenes¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 111, Vol. III, p. 366
Euclid of Alexandria (fl. c. 300 BC)¶
Alexandrian Geometer; Author of the Elements
Compiled and systematized the Thirteen Books of the Elements at Alexandria under Ptolemy I Soter, integrating the discoveries of the Pythagoreans, Hippocrates of Chios, Eudoxus of Cnidus, and Theaetetus of Athens into a rigorous deductive canon.
Cited Works: Elements (Στοιχεῖα), Data (Δεδομένα), Porisms (Πορίσματα), On Divisions of Figures, Optics (Ὀπτικά), Phaenomena (Φαινόμενα), On Divisions of Figures (Περὶ διαιρέσεων βιβλίον), Data (Δεδομένα), Sectio Canonis (Κατατομὴ κανόνος), Porisms (Πορίσματα), Surface Loci (Τόποι πρὸς ἐπιφανείᾳ), Phaenomena (Φαινόμενα), Optics (Ὀπτικά)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 158, Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 166, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 168, Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 176, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 183, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 186, Vol. I, p. 187, Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 189, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 194, …and 215 more
Eudemus of Rhodes (c. 370 – c. 300 BC)¶
Peripatetic Philosopher & First Historian of Mathematics
Disciple of Aristotle whose History of Geometry (Γεωμετρικὴ Ἱστορία) is the primary source for Proclus’s Eudemian Summary and Simplicius’s account of Hippocrates’ quadrature of lunes.
Cited Works: History of Geometry (Γεωμετρικὴ Ἱστορία)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 278, Vol. I, p. 295, Vol. I, p. 304, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 320, Vol. I, p. 343, Vol. I, p. 29, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 35, Vol. I, p. 36, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 38, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 116, Vol. I, p. 117, Vol. II, p. 99, Vol. II, p. 111, Vol. III, p. 3, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 534
Eudoxus of Cnidus (c. 408 – c. 355 BC)¶
Mathematician & Astronomer of the Academy
Creator of the general theory of proportion in Book V (applicable equally to commensurable and incommensurable magnitudes) and the method of exhaustion in Book XII (proving the volume ratios of pyramid, prism, cone, and cylinder).
Cited Works: General Theory of Proportion (Elements Book V), Method of Exhaustion (Elements Book XII)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 163, Vol. I, p. 234, Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 353, Vol. I, p. 354, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 116, Vol. I, p. 117, Vol. I, p. 137, Vol. I, p. 64, Vol. I, p. 74, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. II, p. 99, Vol. II, p. 113, Vol. II, p. 120, Vol. II, p. 121, Vol. II, p. 112, Vol. II, p. 190, Vol. II, p. 280, Vol. II, p. 295, Vol. III, p. 15, Vol. III, p. 365, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 374, …and 2 more
Euler¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 426
Eutocius of Ascalon (c. 480 – c. 540 AD)¶
Commentator on Archimedes and Apollonius
Preserved priceless historical solutions to the duplication of the cube, trisection of the angle, and ancient commentaries on Archimedes’ Sphere and Cylinder and Apollonius’s Conics.
Cited Works: Commentaries on Archimedes, Commentary on Apollonius’s Conics, Commentaries on Archimedes’ On the Sphere and Cylinder
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 161, Vol. I, p. 164, Vol. I, p. 259, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 329, Vol. I, p. 330, Vol. I, p. 14, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 35, Vol. I, p. 39, Vol. I, p. 131, Vol. I, p. 142, Vol. I, p. 57, Vol. I, p. 64, Vol. I, p. 66, Vol. I, p. 81, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 132, Vol. II, p. 190, Vol. II, p. 198, Vol. II, p. 199, Vol. II, p. 200, Vol. III, p. 520
Federigo Enriques (1871 – 1946)¶
Italian Geometer & Philosopher of Science
Editor of Questioni riguardanti la geometria elementare (1900) and co-author (with Ugo Amaldi) of Elementi di geometria.
Cited Works: Questioni riguardanti la geometria elementare (1900), Elementi Di Geometria
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. I, p. 113, Vol. II, p. 30, Vol. II, p. 126
Fermat¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 425, Vol. II, p. 426
Fourier¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 173, Vol. III, p. 263
Fra Luca Bartolomeo de Pacioli (c. 1447 – 1517)¶
Renaissance Franciscan Mathematician
Author of the Summa de arithmetica (1494) and De Divina Proportione (1509, illustrated by Leonardo da Vinci), and editor of a 1509 Venice Latin edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalita (1494), De Divina Proportione (1509), Euclidis Opera (1509)
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Friedlein¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 114, Vol. I, p. 117, Vol. I, p. 70, Vol. I, p. 92
G. Vitali¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Questioni
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 16
Geminus of Rhodes (fl. 1st century BC)¶
Stoic Mathematician & Philosopher of Mathematics
Author of a comprehensive philosophical encyclopaedia on the classification and foundations of the mathematical sciences, extensively excerpted by Proclus and an-Nairīzī.
Cited Works: Doctrine/Theory of the Mathematical Sciences (Φιλοκαλία)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 160, Vol. I, p. 162, Vol. I, p. 163, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 200, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 265, Vol. I, p. 268, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 318, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 330, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 28, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 38, Vol. I, p. 39, Vol. I, p. 40, Vol. I, p. 41, Vol. I, p. 43, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 45, …and 7 more
George Johnston Allman (1824 – 1904)¶
Irish Mathematician & Historian of Greek Geometry
Author of Greek Geometry from Thales to Euclid (1889), tracing the contributions of the Pythagoreans, Hippocrates, Archytas, Eudoxus, and Theaetetus.
Cited Works: Greek Geometry from Thales to Euclid (1889)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 318, Vol. I, p. 352, Vol. I, p. 135, Vol. III, p. 18, Vol. III, p. 19, Vol. III, p. 439
Gherard of Cremona¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 8, Vol. I, p. 9, Vol. I, p. 10, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 85, Vol. I, p. 92, Vol. I, p. 93
Gino Loria (1862 – 1954)¶
Italian Historian of Mathematics
Author of Le scienze esatte nell’ antica Grecia (1893–1902; 2nd ed. 1914).
Cited Works: Le scienze esatte nell’ antica Grecia, Le scienze esatte nell’ antica Grecia (1893–1902 / 1914)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 7, Vol. I, p. 10, Vol. I, p. 11, Vol. I, p. 12, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 425, Vol. III, p. 8, Vol. III, p. 9
Girolamo Saccheri, S.J. (1667 – 1733)¶
Jesuit Logician & Precursor of Non-Euclidean Geometry
Author of Euclides ab omni naevo vindicatus (1733), investigating the summit angles of the Saccheri quadrilateral under the hypotheses of the obtuse, acute, and right angle, unwittingly establishing dozens of theorems of non-Euclidean geometry.
Cited Works: Euclides ab omni naevo vindicatus (1733), Logica Demonstrativa (1697)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 168, Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 196, Vol. I, p. 197, Vol. I, p. 198, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 208, Vol. I, p. 209, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 213, Vol. I, p. 218, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 144, Vol. I, p. 145, Vol. I, p. 58, Vol. I, p. x, Vol. II, p. 126, Vol. II, p. 130, Vol. II, p. 170
Giuseppe Veronese (1854 – 1917)¶
Italian Geometer; Pioneer of Non-Archimedean Geometry
Author of Fondamenti di geometria (1891) and Elementi di geometria (with Ingrami), developing rigorous synthetic foundations of geometry.
Cited Works: Fondamenti di geometria (1891), Elementi Di Geometria
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 179, Vol. I, p. 180, Vol. I, p. 181, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 226, Vol. I, p. 227, Vol. I, p. 228, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 328, Vol. II, p. 30, Vol. II, p. 126
Gow¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 135
H. M. Taylor¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 268, Vol. III, p. 303, Vol. III, p. 491, Vol. III, p. 498
Helmholtz¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 226, Vol. I, p. 227
Henrici¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 313, Vol. I, p. 404
Hermann Hankel (1839 – 1873)¶
German Mathematician & Historian of Mathematics
Author of Zur Geschichte der Mathematik in Alterthum und Mittelalter (1874), analyzing the Greek method of analysis, synthesis, and diorismos.
Cited Works: Zur Geschichte der Mathematik in Alterthum und Mittelalter (1874)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 232, Vol. I, p. 234, Vol. I, p. 318, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 320, Vol. I, p. 344, Vol. I, p. 354, Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 139, Vol. I, p. 141, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 117, Vol. II, p. 131, Vol. III, p. 3, Vol. III, p. 8
Herodotus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 370, Vol. I, p. 37
Heron of Alexandria (fl. 1st century AD)¶
Alexandrian Geometer, Engineer & Commentator on Euclid
Wrote an extensive commentary on Euclid’s Elements (extant in Proclus and an-Nairīzī’s Arabic commentary) introducing alternative direct proofs, semi-algebraical methods for Book II, and the formula for the area of a triangle in terms of its sides.
Cited Works: Commentary on Euclid’s Elements, Metrica (Μετρικά), Definitiones, Dioptra (Περὶ διόπτρας), Pneumatica, Metrica (Μετρικά), Dioptra (Περὶ διόπτρας)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 163, Vol. I, p. 168, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 176, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 222, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 243, Vol. I, p. 253, Vol. I, p. 270, Vol. I, p. 285, Vol. I, p. 287, Vol. I, p. 299, Vol. I, p. 334, Vol. I, p. 336, Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 366, Vol. I, p. 367, Vol. I, p. 368, …and 61 more
Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen (1839 – 1920)¶
Danish Mathematician & Historian of Greek Geometry
Demonstrated the geometric-algebraic content of Euclid Book II and Book VI and the constructive existence role of Greek geometric problems.
Cited Works: Die Lehre von den Kegelschnitten im Altertum (1886), Geschichte der Mathematik im Altertum und Mittelalter (1896)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 355, Vol. I, p. 356, Vol. I, p. 360, Vol. I, p. 363, Vol. I, p. 387, Vol. I, p. 398, Vol. I, p. 399, Vol. I, p. 15, Vol. I, p. 16, Vol. I, p. 139, Vol. I, p. 141, Vol. I, p. 146, Vol. I, p. 151, Vol. I, p. 113, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 124, Vol. III, p. 4
Hiller¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 263
Hippasus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 438
Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440 BC)¶
Early Greek Geometer; First Author of an Elements
First to compose a treatise of Elements (Στοιχεῖα); squared the lunes (menoeide) and reduced the duplication of the cube to finding two mean proportionals between two straight lines.
Cited Works: Elements (lost), Quadrature of Lunes
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 387, Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 29, Vol. I, p. 35, Vol. I, p. 38, Vol. I, p. 116, Vol. I, p. 135, Vol. I, p. 136, Vol. II, p. 133, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 374
Holgate¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 284, Vol. III, p. 303, Vol. III, p. 331
Hoüel¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 219
Hultsch¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Neue Jahrbuecher
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 329, Vol. I, p. 371, Vol. I, p. 391, Vol. I, p. 400, Vol. I, p. 3, Vol. I, p. 10, Vol. I, p. 11, Vol. I, p. 12, Vol. I, p. 13, Vol. I, p. 16, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 26, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 39, Vol. I, p. 74, Vol. I, p. 91, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 87, Vol. II, p. 133, Vol. II, p. 190, Vol. III, p. 520, Vol. III, p. 4
Hypsicles of Alexandria (fl. c. 175 BC)¶
Alexandrian Mathematician & Astronomer
Author of the treatise on regular polyhedra appended to Euclid’s Elements as ‘Book XIV’, building on Aristaeus and Apollonius on the dodecahedron and icosahedron inscribed in the same sphere.
Cited Works: Book XIV of the Elements, Anaphorikos
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 438, Vol. III, p. 439, Vol. III, p. v
Iamblichus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: In Nicomachi Arithmeticam Introductionem
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 417, Vol. I, p. 63, Vol. I, p. 83, Vol. II, p. 97, Vol. II, p. 419, Vol. II, p. 425, Vol. II, p. 426, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 112, Vol. II, p. 279, Vol. II, p. 280, Vol. II, p. 281, Vol. II, p. 282, Vol. II, p. 283, Vol. II, p. 284, Vol. II, p. 285, Vol. II, p. 286, Vol. II, p. 287, Vol. II, p. 288, Vol. II, p. 289, Vol. II, p. 290, Vol. II, p. 291, Vol. II, p. 292, Vol. II, p. 293
Ibn al-Haitham¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 88
Ingrami¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 180, Vol. I, p. 193, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 227, Vol. I, p. 228, Vol. II, p. 30, Vol. II, p. 126
Isaac Barrow (1630 – 1677)¶
First Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge; Teacher of Newton
Published widely used Latin and English editions of Euclid’s Elements (1655, 1660) and defended the philosophical rigor of Euclid’s definitions and Book V theory of proportion in his Lectiones Mathematicae.
Cited Works: Euclidis Elementorum Libri XV Breviter Demonstrati (1655), Lectiones Mathematicae (1683), Lectiones Mathematicae Cantabrigienses (1683)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. I, p. 108, Vol. II, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 117, Vol. II, p. 121, Vol. II, p. 186, Vol. II, p. 238
Isaac Todhunter (1820 – 1884)¶
Cambridge Mathematician & Historian of Mathematics
Author of the classic Cambridge school and university edition of The Elements of Euclid (1862) with insightful pedagogical and logical notes.
Cited Works: The Elements of Euclid (1862)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 189, Vol. I, p. 198, Vol. I, p. 199, Vol. I, p. 246, Vol. I, p. 252, Vol. I, p. 258, Vol. I, p. 277, Vol. I, p. 283, Vol. I, p. 293, Vol. I, p. 298, Vol. I, p. 307, Vol. I, p. 124, Vol. II, p. 3, Vol. II, p. 7, Vol. II, p. 22, Vol. II, p. 49, Vol. II, p. 51, Vol. II, p. 52, Vol. II, p. 67, Vol. II, p. 73, Vol. II, p. 90, Vol. II, p. 99, Vol. II, p. 172, Vol. II, p. 195, Vol. II, p. 202, …and 6 more
Isidorus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 519, Vol. III, p. 520
Isḥāq b. Ḥunain¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 76, Vol. I, p. 80, Vol. I, p. 81, Vol. I, p. 83, Vol. I, p. 84, Vol. I, p. 86, Vol. I, p. 87, Vol. I, p. 94
Johan Ludvig Heiberg (1854 – 1928)¶
Danish Classical Philologist & Editor of the Critical Greek Text of Euclid
Edited the definitive Teubner critical Greek edition of Euclid’s Elements (Vols. I–V, 1883–1888) based on the non-Theonine Vatican manuscript P, as well as the critical editions of Archimedes, Apollonius, Ptolemy, and Simplicius.
Cited Works: Euclidis Elementa (5 vols., Teubner, 1883–1888), Litterargeschichtliche Studien über Euklid (1882), Mathematisches zu Aristoteles (1904), Archimedis Opera Omnia (Teubner)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 161, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 224, Vol. I, p. 249, Vol. I, p. 262, Vol. I, p. 309, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 320, Vol. I, p. 329, Vol. I, p. 330, Vol. I, p. 332, Vol. I, p. 337, Vol. I, p. 338, Vol. I, p. 350, Vol. I, p. 371, Vol. I, p. 381, Vol. I, p. 407, Vol. I, p. 410, Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 4, …and 146 more
Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728 – 1777)¶
Swiss-German Mathematician, Physicist & Philosopher
Proved the irrationality of π (1761) and wrote Die Theorie der Parallellinien (1766), discovering that under the hypothesis of the acute angle the area of a triangle is proportional to its angular defect and would hold on a sphere of imaginary radius.
Cited Works: Die Theorie der Parallellinien (1766)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 213
Johannes of Palermo¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
John Playfair (1748 – 1819)¶
Scottish Mathematician & Geologist
Popularized ‘Playfair’s Axiom’ (already stated by Proclus) as a modern substitute for Euclid’s Fifth Postulate in his Elements of Geometry (1795).
Cited Works: Elements of Geometry (1795)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. II, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 227
John Wallis (1616 – 1703)¶
Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford
Pioneered infinitesimal analysis, defended Euclid’s treatment of the horn-like angle of contact against Clavius, and showed that the Parallel Postulate is equivalent to the existence of similar non-congruent triangles of arbitrary size.
Cited Works: De Postulato Quinto (1663 / 1693), De Angulo Contactus et Semicirculi (1656), Arithmetica Infinitorum (1656), De Angulo Contactus et Semicirculi Disquisitio Geometrica (1656)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 209, Vol. I, p. 210, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. I, p. x, Vol. II, p. 42, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 190
János Bolyai (1802 – 1860)¶
Co-Founder of Hyperbolic Non-Euclidean Geometry
Independently discovered non-Euclidean geometry and published the celebrated Appendix scientiam spatii absolute veram exhibens (1832) in his father Farkas Bolyai’s Tentamen.
Cited Works: Appendix scientiam spatii absolute veram exhibens (1832)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 219
Killing¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 194, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 226, Vol. I, p. 235, Vol. I, p. 242, Vol. I, p. 272, Vol. I, p. 294, Vol. III, p. 276
Klamroth¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 76, Vol. I, p. 77, Vol. I, p. 78, Vol. I, p. 79, Vol. I, p. 80, Vol. I, p. 81, Vol. I, p. 83, Vol. I, p. 84
Kluge¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: De Euclidis Xiv Xv
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 520
Laplace¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 220
Leonardo of Pisa¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Liber Abaci (1202 / 1228)
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Lorenz¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 18, Vol. III, p. 34
Marinus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 8, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 30, Vol. I, p. 42, Vol. I, p. 65
Martianus Capella¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 187, Vol. I, p. 62, Vol. I, p. 91
Max Simon (1844 – 1918)¶
German Historian of Mathematics
Author of Euclid und die sechs planimetrischen Bücher (1901) and Über die Entwicklung der Elementar-Geometrie im XIX. Jahrhundert (1906).
Cited Works: Euclid und die sechs planimetrischen Bücher (1901)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 202, Vol. I, p. 328, Vol. I, p. 108, Vol. II, p. 124, Vol. II, p. 129, Vol. II, p. 134
Mehler¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 268, Vol. III, p. 284, Vol. III, p. 285
Meier Hirsch¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Algebraischer Commentar
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Menaechmus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 114, Vol. I, p. 117, Vol. I, p. 125
Menelaus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 23, Vol. I, p. 34
Menge¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 7, Vol. I, p. 8, Vol. I, p. 16, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 42, Vol. I, p. 49, Vol. I, p. 85
Michael Stifel¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Arithmetica Integra (1544)
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Moderatus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 280
Moritz Benedikt Cantor (1829 – 1920)¶
German Historian of Mathematics
Author of the monumental four-volume Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik (1880–1908).
Cited Works: Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik, Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik (1880–1908)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 272, Vol. I, p. 304, Vol. I, p. 318, Vol. I, p. 320, Vol. I, p. 333, Vol. I, p. 352, Vol. I, p. 355, Vol. I, p. 357, Vol. I, p. 358, Vol. I, p. 360, Vol. I, p. 401, Vol. I, p. 36, Vol. I, p. 115, Vol. I, p. 137, Vol. I, p. 139, Vol. I, p. 86, Vol. I, p. 91, Vol. I, p. 92, Vol. I, p. 93, Vol. I, p. 94, Vol. I, p. 96, Vol. I, p. vii, Vol. II, p. 5, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. II, p. 42, …and 4 more
Moritz Pasch (1843 – 1930)¶
Pioneer of Modern Axiomatic Geometry
In Vorlesungen über neuere Geometrie (1882), identified the unstated order and betweenness assumptions in Euclid (‘Pasch’s Axiom’) and initiated rigorous modern axiomatics.
Cited Works: Vorlesungen über neuere Geometrie (1882)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 228, Vol. I, p. 250
Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1201 – 1274)¶
Persian Polymath, Astronomer & Geometer
Composed influential Arabic recensions (Taḥrīr) of Euclid’s Elements and attempted a proof of the Parallel Postulate that directly influenced John Wallis and Girolamo Saccheri.
Cited Works: Taḥrīr Uṣūl Uqlīdis
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 4, Vol. I, p. 5, Vol. I, p. 77, Vol. I, p. 89, Vol. II, p. 28
Nesselmann¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Die Algebra der Griechen (1842)
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 287, Vol. II, p. 291, Vol. II, p. 293, Vol. III, p. 8
Nicomachus of Gerasa (c. 60 – c. 120 AD)¶
Neopythagorean Mathematician
Author of the Introductio Arithmetica, presenting Greek number theory (prime, composite, plane, solid, and perfect numbers) in an inductive, non-geometric style.
Cited Works: Introductio Arithmetica (Ἀριθμητικὴ Εἰσαγωγή), Introductio Arithmetica
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 417, Vol. I, p. 92, Vol. II, p. 425, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 119, Vol. II, p. 131, Vol. II, p. 133, Vol. II, p. 135, Vol. II, p. 279, Vol. II, p. 280, Vol. II, p. 281, Vol. II, p. 282, Vol. II, p. 283, Vol. II, p. 284, Vol. II, p. 285, Vol. II, p. 286, Vol. II, p. 287, Vol. II, p. 288, Vol. II, p. 289, Vol. II, p. 290, Vol. II, p. 291, Vol. II, p. 292, Vol. II, p. 293, Vol. II, p. 294, Vol. II, p. 295, …and 2 more
Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky (1792 – 1856)¶
Co-Founder of Hyperbolic Non-Euclidean Geometry
Published the first complete, self-consistent system of hyperbolic geometry (‘Imaginary’ or ‘Pangeometry’, 1829–1855) replacing Euclid’s Fifth Postulate with its negation.
Cited Works: Geometrische Untersuchungen zur Theorie der Parallellinien (1840), Pangeometry (1855)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 174, Vol. I, p. 175, Vol. I, p. 207, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 219
Oenopides¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 271, Vol. I, p. 295, Vol. I, p. 371, Vol. I, p. 414, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 36, Vol. I, p. 126, Vol. II, p. 111
Pappus of Alexandria (fl. c. 320 AD)¶
Alexandrian Geometer & Commentator
Author of the Mathematical Collection (Synagoge) and a commentary on Euclid Book X (surviving in Arabic), preserving the Treasury of Analysis and advanced lemmas on projective and solid geometry.
Cited Works: Mathematical Collection (Συναγωγή, ed. Hultsch), Commentary on Euclid’s Elements Book X
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 161, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 201, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 224, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 232, Vol. I, p. 254, Vol. I, p. 266, Vol. I, p. 267, Vol. I, p. 290, Vol. I, p. 329, Vol. I, p. 330, Vol. I, p. 333, Vol. I, p. 365, Vol. I, p. 366, Vol. I, p. 367, Vol. I, p. 377, Vol. I, p. 378, Vol. I, p. 388, Vol. I, p. 391, Vol. I, p. 401, Vol. I, p. 2, …and 69 more
Paul Tannery (1843 – 1904)¶
French Historian of Ancient Science & Mathematics
Pioneered the critical reconstruction of pre-Euclidean Greek geometry, the history of the terms axiom and common notion, and the edition of Diophantus.
Cited Works: La Géométrie grecque (1887), Pour l’histoire de la science hellène (1887), Memoires Bordeaux
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 160, Vol. I, p. 163, Vol. I, p. 221, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 224, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 232, Vol. I, p. 305, Vol. I, p. 353, Vol. I, p. 417, Vol. I, p. 7, Vol. I, p. 15, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 28, Vol. I, p. 29, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 38, Vol. I, p. 39, Vol. I, p. 40, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 115, Vol. I, p. 131, Vol. I, p. 133, Vol. I, p. 134, …and 10 more
Peletier¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 41, Vol. II, p. 42, Vol. II, p. 47, Vol. II, p. 56, Vol. II, p. 84, Vol. II, p. 146, Vol. II, p. 190
Peyrard¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 46, Vol. I, p. 47, Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. I, p. 104, Vol. I, p. 108, Vol. II, p. 116, Vol. II, p. 131, Vol. II, p. 182, Vol. II, p. 189, Vol. II, p. 256
Philoponus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 192, Vol. I, p. 359, Vol. I, p. 45, Vol. II, p. 234, Vol. II, p. 282
Plato (428/427 – 348/347 BC)¶
Founder of the Athenian Academy
Placed geometry at the threshold of philosophical education and dialectical ascent (Republic VI–VII, Meno, Theaetetus, Timaeus); associated the five regular polyhedra with the cosmic elements.
Cited Works: Republic, Meno (Μένων), Theaetetus (Θεαίτητος), Timaeus (Τίμαιος), Parmenides, Laws (Νόμοι), Republic (Πολιτεία), Parmenides (Παρμενίδης), Laws (Νόμοι), Meno (Μένων), Theaetetus (Θεαίτητος), Timaeus (Τίμαιος), Sophist (Σοφιστής)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 158, Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 182, Vol. I, p. 183, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 187, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 221, Vol. I, p. 226, Vol. I, p. 356, Vol. I, p. 357, Vol. I, p. 358, Vol. I, p. 385, Vol. I, p. 399, Vol. I, p. 411, Vol. I, p. 412, Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 417, …and 46 more
Plutarch¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: De Communibus Notitiis adversus Stoicos, De Defectu Oraculorum
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 343, Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 417, Vol. I, p. 29, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. II, p. 40, Vol. II, p. 98, Vol. II, p. 254, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 368
Porphyry¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 277, Vol. I, p. 283, Vol. I, p. 287, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 19, Vol. I, p. 24, Vol. I, p. 33, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 35, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 136
Poselger¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Zehnte Buch
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Posidonius of Apamea (c. 135 – c. 51 BC)¶
Stoic Polymath & Geometer
Defended geometry against the Epicurean critiques of Zeno of Sidon and proposed defining parallel lines as equidistant coplanar straight lines.
Cited Works: Against Zeno of Sidon
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 183, Vol. I, p. 189, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 197, Vol. I, p. 199, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 20, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 39, Vol. I, p. 40, Vol. I, p. 43, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. I, p. 126
Proclus Lycius Diadochus (412 – 485 AD)¶
Neoplatonic Philosopher & Commentator on Euclid Book I
Head of the Athenian Academy whose Commentary on Book I of Euclid’s Elements preserves the Eudemian Summary of early Greek geometry alongside the critiques and alternative proofs of Geminus, Posidonius, Heron, Ptolemy, and Pappus.
Cited Works: In Primum Euclidis Elementorum Librum Commentarii (ed. Friedlein, 1873), In Platonis Timaeum Commentaria
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 155, Vol. I, p. 156, Vol. I, p. 158, Vol. I, p. 159, Vol. I, p. 160, Vol. I, p. 161, Vol. I, p. 162, Vol. I, p. 163, Vol. I, p. 164, Vol. I, p. 165, Vol. I, p. 166, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 168, Vol. I, p. 169, Vol. I, p. 170, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 176, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 181, Vol. I, p. 182, Vol. I, p. 183, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 186, …and 211 more
Protarchus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 512
Psellus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 234
Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570 – c. 495 BC)¶
Founder of the Pythagorean Brotherhood
Transformed geometry into a liberal philosophical science; credited with the discovery of the theory of proportions, the application of areas (Book II), the theorem on the right-angled triangle (I.47), and the construction of the cosmic figures.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 343, Vol. I, p. 350, Vol. I, p. 351, Vol. I, p. 352, Vol. I, p. 353, Vol. I, p. 354, Vol. I, p. 355, Vol. I, p. 356, Vol. I, p. 357, Vol. I, p. 358, Vol. I, p. 360, Vol. I, p. 411, Vol. I, p. 412, Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 4, Vol. I, p. 36, Vol. I, p. 44, Vol. II, p. 97, Vol. II, p. 113, Vol. II, p. 112, Vol. II, p. 254, Vol. III, p. 2, Vol. III, p. 3, Vol. III, p. 438
Ramus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 104, Vol. II, p. 121
Rausenberger¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 268, Vol. III, p. 303, Vol. III, p. 307, Vol. III, p. 309
Regiomontanus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 96, Vol. I, p. 100
Richard Dedekind (1831 – 1916)¶
German Mathematician
Formulated the rigorous arithmetic theory of irrational numbers via Dedekind cuts (Stetigkeit und irrationale Zahlen, 1872), which strictly mirrors Eudoxus’s Definition 5 of Book V.
Cited Works: Stetigkeit und irrationale Zahlen (1872), Was sind und was sollen die Zahlen? (1888)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 235, Vol. I, p. 236, Vol. I, p. 237, Vol. I, p. 238, Vol. I, p. 239, Vol. II, p. 124, Vol. II, p. 125, Vol. II, p. 126, Vol. III, p. 16
Robert Simson (1687 – 1768)¶
Professor of Mathematics at the University of Glasgow
Published the critical Latin and English edition of Books I–VI, XI, and XII of Euclid’s Elements (1756) that served as the standard textbook in the English-speaking world for over a century.
Cited Works: The Elements of Euclid (1756)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 186, Vol. I, p. 198, Vol. I, p. 252, Vol. I, p. 255, Vol. I, p. 259, Vol. I, p. 260, Vol. I, p. 287, Vol. I, p. 293, Vol. I, p. 297, Vol. I, p. 328, Vol. I, p. 384, Vol. I, p. 387, Vol. I, p. 403, Vol. I, p. 410, Vol. I, p. 10, Vol. I, p. 11, Vol. I, p. 12, Vol. I, p. 14, Vol. I, p. 148, Vol. I, p. 46, Vol. I, p. 58, Vol. I, p. 59, Vol. I, p. 60, …and 110 more
Roger Bacon¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 416, Vol. I, p. 94
Savile¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 166, Vol. I, p. 245, Vol. I, p. 250, Vol. I, p. 262, Vol. I, p. 287, Vol. I, p. 84, Vol. I, p. 102, Vol. II, p. 190
Schultze¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 284, Vol. III, p. 303, Vol. III, p. 331
Schur¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 328
Schweikart¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 219
Schöne¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 20
Serenus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: On the Section of a Cone
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. II, p. 50, Vol. II, p. 51
Sevenoak¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 284, Vol. III, p. 303
Simon Stevin¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Appendice Incommensurables, Les Œuvres Mathématiques (1634)
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 8
Simplicius of Cilicia (c. 490 – c. 560 AD)¶
Neoplatonic Commentator on Aristotle & Euclid
Preserved Eudemus’s verbatim account of the quadrature of lunes by Hippocrates of Chios (in his Commentary on Aristotle’s Physics) and ancient proofs of the Parallel Postulate (in an-Nairīzī).
Cited Works: In Aristotelis Physicorum Libros Commentaria, In Aristotelis De Caelo Commentaria, Commentary on the Premises of Euclid’s Elements, In Aristotelis Physicorum Libros Commentaria (ed. Diels)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 157, Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 171, Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. I, p. 178, Vol. I, p. 184, Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 186, Vol. I, p. 190, Vol. I, p. 191, Vol. I, p. 195, Vol. I, p. 197, Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 204, Vol. I, p. 223, Vol. I, p. 224, Vol. I, p. 386, Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 22, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 28, Vol. I, p. 29, Vol. I, p. 35, Vol. I, p. 38, …and 4 more
Speusippus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 125
Steinschneider¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 8, Vol. I, p. 76, Vol. I, p. 77, Vol. I, p. 79, Vol. I, p. 83, Vol. I, p. 85, Vol. I, p. 88, Vol. I, p. 89, Vol. I, p. 90
Stobaeus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Eclogae Physicae et Ethicae
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 1, Vol. I, p. 3, Vol. II, p. 280
Stolz¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 16
Stäckel¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 167, Vol. I, p. 211, Vol. I, p. 212, Vol. I, p. 219, Vol. I, p. 321
Suidas¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 370, Vol. I, p. 24, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 438
Suter¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber und ihre Werke (1900)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 203, Vol. I, p. 5, Vol. I, p. 8, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 18, Vol. I, p. 21, Vol. I, p. 24, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. I, p. 42, Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 78, Vol. I, p. 85, Vol. I, p. 86, Vol. I, p. 87, Vol. I, p. 88, Vol. I, p. 89, Vol. I, p. 90, Vol. III, p. 3
Tacquet¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 121, Vol. II, p. 258
Tartaglia¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 3, Vol. I, p. 103, Vol. II, p. 2, Vol. II, p. 47
Taurinus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 219
Thales of Miletus (c. 624 – c. 546 BC)¶
Ionion Natural Philosopher & Pioneer of Greek Geometry
Introduced geometry from Egypt into Greece; credited by Eudemus and Proclus with propositions I.5, I.15, I.26, and the theorem that the angle in a semicircle is a right angle (III.31).
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 185, Vol. I, p. 225, Vol. I, p. 252, Vol. I, p. 278, Vol. I, p. 304, Vol. I, p. 305, Vol. I, p. 317, Vol. I, p. 318, Vol. I, p. 319, Vol. I, p. 320, Vol. I, p. 36, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. II, p. 111, Vol. II, p. 280
Theaetetus of Athens (c. 417 – c. 369 BC)¶
Geometer of the Platonic Academy
Developed the general classification of incommensurable magnitudes (medial, binomial, apotome) codified in Book X and completed the theoretical construction of the five regular solids (octahedron and icosahedron) in Book XIII.
Cited Works: Theory of Irrationals (Elements Book X), Regular Solids (Elements Book XIII)
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 413, Vol. I, p. 37, Vol. I, p. 64, Vol. III, p. 3, Vol. III, p. 11, Vol. III, p. 19, Vol. III, p. 30, Vol. III, p. 438, Vol. III, p. 442
Theodorus of Cyrene (c. 465 – c. 398 BC)¶
Pythagorean Geometer; Teacher of Plato and Theaetetus
Proved the irrationality of the square roots of non-square integers from 3 up to 17 (Plato, Theaetetus 147D).
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 1, Vol. III, p. 2, Vol. III, p. 3
Theodosius¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Sphaerica (Σφαιρικά)
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 269, Vol. III, p. 366, Vol. III, p. 472, Vol. III, p. 534, Vol. III, p. 544
Theon of Alexandria (c. 335 – c. 405 AD)¶
Alexandrian Editor of Euclid’s Elements; Father of Hypatia
Produced the standard late-antique recension of Euclid’s Elements that dominated all Greek manuscripts until Peyrard’s discovery of the non-Theonine Vatican manuscript (P = Vat. gr. 190).
Cited Works: Recension of Euclid’s Elements, Commentary on Ptolemy’s Syntaxis
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 332, Vol. I, p. 333, Vol. I, p. 381, Vol. I, p. 399, Vol. I, p. 17, Vol. I, p. 46, Vol. I, p. 47, Vol. I, p. 51, Vol. I, p. 52, Vol. I, p. 53, Vol. I, p. 54, Vol. I, p. 55, Vol. I, p. 56, Vol. I, p. 57, Vol. I, p. 58, Vol. I, p. 59, Vol. I, p. 61, Vol. I, p. 63, Vol. I, p. 64, Vol. I, p. 65, Vol. I, p. 66, Vol. I, p. 67, Vol. I, p. 68, Vol. I, p. 70, Vol. I, p. 98, …and 11 more
Theon of Smyrna (fl. c. 115 – 140 AD)¶
Middle Platonic Mathematician
Author of an exposition of arithmetic, music, and astronomy useful for reading Plato, preserving the theory of side and diameter numbers (rational approximations to √2).
Cited Works: Expositio rerum mathematicarum ad legendum Platonem utilium
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 172, Vol. I, p. 357, Vol. I, p. 358, Vol. I, p. 371, Vol. I, p. 372, Vol. I, p. 398, Vol. II, p. 111, Vol. II, p. 425, Vol. II, p. 119, Vol. II, p. 131, Vol. II, p. 279, Vol. II, p. 280, Vol. II, p. 281, Vol. II, p. 284, Vol. II, p. 285, Vol. II, p. 288, Vol. II, p. 289, Vol. II, p. 290, Vol. II, p. 291, Vol. II, p. 292, Vol. II, p. 293, Vol. III, p. 2, Vol. III, p. 263
Thibaut¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 360, Vol. I, p. 364
Thomas Simpson¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 274
Thymaridas¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 279, Vol. II, p. 285, Vol. II, p. 288
Thābit b. Qurra¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 364, Vol. I, p. 42, Vol. I, p. 75, Vol. I, p. 87, Vol. I, p. 88
Vettius Valens¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 3
Vieta¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 42
Vitruvius¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 352, Vol. I, p. 20, Vol. I, p. 21
von Staudt¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. III, p. 276
W. Bolyai¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 174, Vol. I, p. 220, Vol. I, p. 328
Waitz¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 158
Weierstrass¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. II, p. 124
Woepcke¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Cited Works: Memoires Academie
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 9, Vol. I, p. 25, Vol. I, p. 115, Vol. I, p. 66, Vol. I, p. 67, Vol. I, p. 77, Vol. I, p. 85, Vol. I, p. 86, Vol. I, p. 87, Vol. I, p. 88, Vol. III, p. 3, Vol. III, p. 4, Vol. III, p. 10, Vol. III, p. 255, Vol. III, p. 256, Vol. III, p. 257, Vol. III, p. 258, Vol. III, p. 259
Xenocrates¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 268, Vol. I, p. 413
Zamberti¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 98, Vol. I, p. 99, Vol. I, p. 101, Vol. I, p. 104
Zeller¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 30
Zeno¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 196, Vol. I, p. 197, Vol. I, p. 198, Vol. I, p. 199, Vol. I, p. 34, Vol. I, p. 43
Zenodorus¶
Mathematician / Commentator / Scholar
Historical mathematician, philosopher, commentator, or modern scholar cited in Heath’s edition of Euclid’s Elements.
Mentions: Vol. I, p. 188, Vol. I, p. 333, Vol. I, p. 27, Vol. II, p. 48, Vol. II, p. 276